When working at high temperatures in the workshop in summer, the following precautions must be taken to ensure the health and safety of workers:
1). Technical measures
1. Reasonable design of process flow: improve the working conditions of high-temperature operation by improving production equipment and operating methods. The heat source should be reasonably arranged, such as as far as possible outside the workshop, the use of hot pressing-based natural ventilation, as far as possible arranged under the skylight, and so on.
2. Heat insulation measures: heat insulation is an important measure to prevent thermal radiation, and thermal insulation materials can be used to reduce the operating environment temperature. Water is especially good at insulating because it is larger than heat and can maximize the absorption of radiation.
3. Ventilation and cooling:
- Natural ventilation: natural ventilation through doors, Windows, and gaps, but only applicable if the temperature is not too high.
- Mechanical ventilation: the use of partial or comprehensive mechanical ventilation or forced cold air to reduce the operating environment temperature; In high-temperature working plants, isolated operating rooms can be built to send cold air or install air conditioning.
2). Health measures
1. Supplement water and nutrition: high-temperature workers should supplement water and salt equal to the amount of sweat, the salt content of drinks should be 0.15%-0.2%, and the drinking way should be a small number of times. At the same time, a high-calorie diet and protein, as well as vitamins and calcium, should be appropriately increased.
2. Personal protection: Work clothes should be made of fabrics with heat resistance, small thermal conductivity, and good air permeability, and distributed as needed, personal protective equipment such as work caps, protective glasses, masks, gloves, shoe covers, and leg warmers.
3. Medical prevention: pre-employment and pre-summer physical examination, workers with specific diseases should not engage in high-temperature operations.
3). Organizational measures
1. Strengthen leadership and management: strictly abide by the relevant national high-temperature operation health standards, such as by the "high-temperature operation classification" (GB/T4200-1997) methods and standards, the unit's high-temperature operation classification, and evaluation.
2. Publicity and education: promote the knowledge of heat stroke prevention and heat stroke prevention, and ensure that workers are aware of the potential risks and protective measures of high-temperature operation.
3. Reasonable arrangement of working hours: Avoid the highest temperature period, rotate work, shorten working hours, and set up a rest room to ensure that high-temperature workers have sufficient sleep and rest.
4). Special risk prevention
1. Limited space operation: pay attention to ventilation and detection, equipped with necessary protective facilities and emergency equipment, and set up safety warning signs.
2. Dust explosion: effective ventilation and dust removal, no open flame, explosion-proof measures.
3. Outdoor work: Avoid the high-temperature period, prepare cooling products, limit the working time, and supplement water and nutrition.
4. Electrical operation: prevent electrical fire and electric shock accidents, regularly check electrical equipment to ensure safe use.
5). Other precautions
1. Fire and explosion prevention: Implement a fire prevention system, complete fire fighting facilities, strictly control open fire operations, and strengthen the management of flammable and explosive products.
2. Typhoon prevention: Typhoons are frequent in summer, and windproof safety measures should be implemented to prevent equipment and objects from falling and injuring people.
3. Thunderstorm prevention: Advance deployment, inspection, and implementation of flood and lightning prevention measures to improve employees' awareness of lightning safety.
By taking the above measures, the risk of high-temperature operation in the summer workshop can be significantly reduced to ensure the health and safety of workers.
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